Mobile Automatic Location Identification (ALI) for First Responders

ABSTRACT

Automatic Location Indication (ALI) data is digitally transferred from a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) to a first responder via a web site accessed by the first responder. The web site lists each live E911 call within their jurisdiction, and appends the caller&#39;s ALI and/or other location data relative to each call. Preferably the first responders (e.g., police car, paramedic, ambulance, fire truck, etc.) can view not only the emergency caller&#39;s information for those E911 calls that they are responding to, but also information about other emergency callers that other first responders are responding to. This facilitates the actual response to individual emergency calls as well as the overall management of multiple responders to multiple emergency calls.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to emergency call systems (e.g., E9-1-1),including wireless and Internet Protocol (IP) based Voice Over InternetProtocol (VoIP) emergency call systems, that rely on non-call associatedsignaling in order to provide location data.

2. Background of the Related Art 9-1-1 is a phone number widelyrecognized in North America as an emergency phone number that is used tocontact emergency dispatch personnel. Enhanced 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) is definedby an emergency call being selectively routed to an appropriate PSAP,based on a special identifier (P-ANI, or “Pseudo Automatic NumberIdentifier”, also referred to as “ESxK”), and includes the transmissionof callback number and location information when 9-1-1 is used. E9-1-1may be implemented for landline, cellular or VoIP networks. A PublicService Answering Point (PSAP) is a dispatch office that receives 9-1-1calls from the public. A PSAP may be a local, fire or police department,an ambulance service or a regional office covering all services. As usedherein, the term “PSAP” refers to either a public safety access point(PSAP), or to an Emergency Call Center (ECC), a VoIP term.

Regardless of the network type, a 9-1-1 service becomes E-9-1-1 whenautomatic number identification and automatic location informationrelated to the call is provided to the 9-1-1 operator at the PSAP. Aprimary challenge results from the fact that calls may arrive at thePSAP without the caller's actual callback number or location informationdisplayed at the emergency operator's terminal.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional landline public safety access point (PSAP)to automatic location identifier (ALI) connection.

In particular, FIG. 3 shows a PSAP 400 connected to one AutomaticLocation Identifier (ALI) database 401. Upon receiving a 9-1-1 call, thePSAP 400 queries the ALI 401 for location data. The ALI database 401accepts the query from the PSAP 400 for location. The query includes thetelephone number of an emergency caller. The ALI database 401 relatesthe received telephone number to a physical street address and providesthat street address (location information) back to the PSAP 400 in amanner that works for the customer premise equipment (CPE) display atthe PSAP 400.

An ALI is typically owned by a local exchange carrier (LEC) or a PSAP,and may be regional (i.e. connected to many PSAPs) or standalone (i.e.connected to only one PSAP). There is currently no one single standardinterface protocol for PSAP-ALI connection/communication.

FIG. 4 shows a context diagram for a conventional non-landlinepositioning center (e.g., an Internet based voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP) positioning center).

In particular, the ALI database 401 a includes a conventional emergencyservices key (ESQK or ESRK) in a location request sent to an appropriatepositioning center 402 (XPC). The emergency services key (ESQK or ESRK)is used by the positioning center 402 as a key to look up the locationand other call information associated with the emergency call.

In non-landline telephony, the PSAPs 400 a query the ALI 401 a forlocation information. However, the ALI 401 a is not pre-provisioned withlocation data for non-landline calls (e.g. cellular, VoIP etc) and mustcommunicate with other network entities to obtain and deliver locationdata to the PSAP 400. Non-landline telephony standards (e.g. cellular,VoIP etc) have mandated that ALIs 401 a maintain connectivity to apositioning center 402 that is able to provide current location data fora non-landline call. In the current state of technology, the positioningcenter 402 provides the caller's location and the callback number to theALI, which passes it to the requesting PSAP. As can be seen in FIG. 4,an ALI may maintain connectivity to more than one positioning center viamultiple interface types—both standard and non-standard (e.g. NENA-02,E2/E2+N-E2(ESP), PAM, etc.).

As used herein, the generic term “XPC” refers interchangeably to anystandards-based positioning center. As examples, a positioning center402 may be any one of the following types used in non-landline networks:

GMLC (Gateway Mobile Location Center): The positioning center thatretrieves, forwards, stores and controls emergency position data withinthe GSM location network.

MPC (Mobile Position Center): The positioning center that retrieves,forwards, stores and controls emergency position data within the ANSIlocation network.

VPC (VoIP Positioning Center): The positioning center which retrieves,forwards, stores and controls emergency position data within the VoIPlocation network.

The term “XPC network” is used herein when appropriate to refer to anynon-landline network where a positioning center 402 responds to ALIqueries including an emergency services key for location, e.g.,cellular, VoIP etc.

In the process of handling an emergency call, a first responder (orresponders) may be dispatched to the caller's location. Typically, thedispatcher at the Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) determines theappropriate first responder(s), and makes contact with a dispatcher forthe appropriate first responder. After contact, the PSAP dispatcher(and/or the dispatcher for the first responder) conveys relevantlocation information to the first responder.

Using conventional techniques, most PSAPs rely on the age-old method ofverbally relaying caller Automatic Location Identification (ALI) data tothe first responder, i.e., speaking the caller's location informationover a voice phone call between the PSAP and the first responder.

While many police and fire department vehicles do have wireless datatransfer capabilities, such services are typically used to interact withlocal or regional databases to check license plates, criminal records,outstanding warrants, etc. No conventional method exists to use wirelessdata transfer capabilities for downloading ALI data relating to a PSAP'semergency call to a first responder.

While the next generation of E911 services has promised to facilitatethe delivery of caller information (name, address, phone number, medicalconditions, etc) from an emergency caller to the PSAP, little progresshas been made in the second leg of communication, i.e., in relaying thiscaller information as digital data from the PSAP to the relevant firstresponder (e.g., police, fire, or medical).

Needless to say, while serving the purpose, verbal relay of locationinformation is slow and prone to error. At best, verbal transfer of ALIinformation from a PSAP to a first responder delays a lifesavingresponse, and at worst can result in the dispatch of a first responderto a wrong address.

There is a long felt but unsolved need for efficient transfer oflocation information relating to a PSAP's emergency call from the PSAPto a first responder.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a method andapparatus for providing location information to a first respondercomprises obtaining at a public safety answering point (PSAP), locationinformation regarding a location of an emergency caller. The locationinformation is presented to a web page accessible by a first responder.The first responder is permitted access to the location information viathe web page. The location information is displayed on the web pageshowing an association with a respective emergency call.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent tothose skilled in the art from the following description with referenceto the drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows relevant network elements in an E911 mobile ALI system thatprovides ALI data digitally from a PSAP to a first responder, inaccordance with the principles of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary mobile ALI call flow tracing a 911 call usingan E911 mobile ALI system such as that shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional landline public safety access point (PSAP)to automatic location identifier (ALI) connection.

FIG. 4 shows a context diagram for a conventional non-landlinepositioning center (e.g., an Internet based voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP) positioning center).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention facilitates the transfer of Automatic LocationIndication (ALI) data digitally from a Public Safety Answering Point(PSAP) to a first responder.

In particular, the inventive solution provides a web site accessible tofirst responders that lists each live E911 call within theirjurisdiction, and appends the caller's ALI data relative to each call.Preferably the first responders (e.g., police car, paramedic, ambulance,fire truck, etc.) can view not only the emergency caller's informationfor those E911 calls that they are responding to, but they can also viewinformation about other emergency callers that other first respondersare responding to. This facilitates the actual response to individualemergency calls as well as the overall management of multiple respondersto multiple emergency calls.

FIG. 1 shows relevant network elements in an E911 mobile ALI system thatprovides ALI data digitally from a PSAP to a first responder, inaccordance with the principles of the present invention.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, an emergency call may be initiatedfrom any type phone device 107, e.g., a wireless phone, a landlinephone, a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone, an Internet Protocol(IP) device, etc.

The emergency call is handled by a relevant central office 208 (landlinephone), mobile switching center (wireless phone), or VoIP switch (VoIPphone), and routed to an appropriate public safety answering point(PSAP) 200, e.g., via a selective router 206.

As is otherwise conventionally known, automatic location identification(ALI) location data is obtained for an appropriate ALI, VoIP positioningcenter (VPC), or mobile positioning center (MPC) 204.

The local dispatcher 202 at the PSAP 200 determines what firstresponder(s) are appropriate for the given emergency call, anddispatches the appropriate first responder vehicle 102.

Importantly, the first responder vehicles 102 are provided with InternetProtocol (IP) based wireless access capability via the public Internet104, and a suitable web browser capable of accessing an ALI data webpage 101. Suitable exemplary web browsers include, e.g., InternetExplorer from Microsoft Corporation, or Mozilla's Firefox™, etc.

Moreover, in accordance with the present invention, an Internetaccessible ALI data web page 101 is hosted by the xPC, with individualALI data displayed and correlated by ESxK. The PSAP 200 and/or localdispatcher 202 maintain realtime updates by adding the identity of thedispatched unit to the ALI display. Importantly, the web page isaccessible by, and the first responder has access to, the Internet(e.g., via an Internet browser such as Internet Explorerυ Firefox™ orthe like).

The ALI data web page 101 is capable of displaying location informationrelating to a current or recent emergency E911 call. ALI informationdisplayed on the ALI data web page 101 may be maintained for a givenlength of time after a given emergency call terminates, based on anamount of memory available in a host server. If an indefinite amount ofmemory is available, ALI information displayed on the ALI data web page101 may correspondingly be available for an indefinite length of time.In any event, the most important purpose of the ALI data web page 101 isto provide first responders to an active or very recent emergency calllocation information to arrive quickly to render aid to the emergencycaller. Thus, even if ALI data is maintained by said ALI data web page101 for a long length of time, it is preferable that it be subordinateto ALI data relating to current or recent emergency (e.g., E911) phonecalls.

As shown in FIG. 1, government agencies such as the Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI), the relevant Department of Motor Vehicles, theAFIS, etc. may also view the ALI location data posted at the ALI dataweb page 101. Equally important, the responders may view databasesmaintained by these agencies via the same internet connection usingexisting access protocols.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary mobile ALI call flow tracing a 911 call usingan E911 mobile ALI system such as that shown in FIG. 1.

In particular, as shown in step 1 of FIG. 2, at the time of serviceestablishment (or other appropriate time), a caller's ALI data isuploaded into an appropriate database (i.e., the ALI database).Typically, this will be an ALI database managed by the PSAP or the LECor an MPC/VPC. Additional data can be loaded by the customer above andbeyond the traditional ALI data. For example, the customer might wish toalert responders that they have pets (in case of fire), or that they areallergic to morphine, etc.

In step 2, the emergency caller dials 911 from any device, e.g.,wireless, landline, voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), etc.

In step 3, the emergency call is directed to the PSAP via traditionalmethods. That is, the emergency call is routed to the PSAP via existingtechnology or via next generation Internet Protocol (IP). The PSAPqueries the ALI database via existing or future IP technology, andreceives ALI data via traditional methods, and retrieves ALI data.

In step 4 a, the xPC stages data in a hosted web page that relates theESxK with the ALI data for that call.

In step 4 b, the PSAP dispatcher accesses the hosted ALI web site foradditional ALI information data. The PSAP dispatcher also annotates theweb site with responder assignment. Thus, the ALI data web page 101 ishosted by the VPC/MPC 204, and the initial ALI data and ESxK informationis posted by the VPC/MPC 204 (step 4 a). In the disclosed embodiments,the dispatcher merely adds the dispatched vehicle information in step 4b.

Thus, using the caller's telephone number, the PSAP queries a separateweb site for additional ALI data. Via this web site, the PSAP dispatcherenters the responder info that identifies which responder was assignedto this call. In some cases, this responder might be a local policeprecinct, for example. The dispatcher at the precinct can then log intothe web site and add information as to which specific patrol car wasdispatched to the scene. The dispatcher at the PSAP or at the precinctcan also view what other patrol cars have been dispatched to what otheremergencies.

In step 5, the PSAP dispatcher relays caller information data to thelocal first responder, or dispatches responders directly via radio.

Thus, the local responder receives the verbal dispatch and logs onto theweb site. The responder can input his/her own ID and can then viewinformation related to calls that have been dispatched to him/her. Theresponders can also view what fellow responders have been dispatched toother emergencies.

In step 6, if related to an intermediate dispatcher, the intermediatedispatcher accesses the web site and updates the ultimate responderinformation. The responder can add additional data to the web siterelated to the status of the response.

In step 7, when the responder receives the radio call, they log into theweb site.

In step 8, the web site displays all data related to the emergency call,plus data for all other responders.

Benefits of the invention include, aside from facilitating individualemergency responses and overall emergency management, the responders'management can use this web site to download daily summary reports.

The invention has particular use with any public safety entity involvedin emergency response, particularly those related to E911.

While the invention has been described with reference to the exemplaryembodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will be able to makevarious modifications to the described embodiments of the inventionwithout departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

1-14. (canceled)
 15. A method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders,comprising: downloading, at a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), ALIdata relating to an emergency communication received by said PSAP;uploading said ALI data relating to said emergency communication to anALI data web page; and presenting said ALI data web page to said firstresponder device; wherein said first responder receives a currentlocation of a device initiating said emergency communication from saidALI data web page.
 16. The method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders accordingto claim 15, wherein: said device initiating said emergencycommunication is a wireless device.
 17. The method of providingautomatic location identification (ALI) information directly to firstresponders according to claim 15, wherein: said device initiating saidemergency communication is a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) device.18. The method of providing automatic location identification (ALI)information directly to first responders according to claim 17, wherein:said VoIP device is a wireless VoIP device.
 19. The method of providingautomatic location identification (ALI) information directly to firstresponders according to claim 15, wherein: said ALI data includes alatitude/longitude of a current location of said device initiating saidemergency communication.
 20. The method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders accordingto claim 19, wherein: said device initiating said emergencycommunication is a wireless VoIP device.
 21. The method of providingautomatic location identification (ALI) information directly to firstresponders according to claim 15, wherein: said ALI data includes astreet address of a current location of a wireless device initiatingsaid emergency communication.
 22. The method of providing automaticlocation identification (ALI) information directly to first respondersaccording to claim 21, wherein: said device initiating said emergencycommunication is a wireless VoIP device.
 23. The method of providingautomatic location identification (ALI) information directly to firstresponders according to claim 15, wherein: said emergency communicationis an emergency phone call.
 24. The method of providing automaticlocation identification (ALI) information directly to first respondersaccording to claim 15, further comprising: uploading to said ALI dataweb page a plurality of live emergency communications within a givenjurisdiction, and appending to each ALI data relating to each respectiveinitiating device.
 25. The method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders accordingto claim 24, wherein: said each respective initiating device is awireless VoIP device.
 26. The method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders accordingto claim 15, further comprising: querying a positioning center for saidcurrent location of said initiating device.
 27. The method of providingautomatic location identification (ALI) information directly to firstresponders according to claim 26, wherein: said query to saidpositioning center is performed over a NENA-02 interface.
 28. The methodof providing automatic location identification (ALI) informationdirectly to first responders according to claim 26, wherein: said queryto said positioning center is performed over an E2/E2+/V-E2(ESP)interface.
 29. The method of providing automatic location identification(ALI) information directly to first responders according to claim 15,wherein: said ALI data web page lists each live emergency communicationwithin a given jurisdiction including said PSAP, and appends respectivecallers' ALI data relative to each live emergency communication.
 30. Themethod of providing automatic location identification (ALI) informationdirectly to first responders according to claim 15, wherein: said eachlive emergency communication is an emergency phone call.
 31. The methodof providing automatic location identification (ALI) informationdirectly to first responders according to claim 15, wherein: said firstresponder can access on said ALI data web page not only the initatingdevice's ALI data that they are responding to, but also ALI data aboutadditional emergency communications that other first responders areresponding to.
 32. The method of providing automatic locationidentification (ALI) information directly to first responders accordingto claim 15, wherein: the Internet accessible ALI data web page ishosted by an xPC, with individual ALI data displayed and correlated byan ESxK.
 33. The method of providing automatic location identification(ALI) information directly to first responders according to claim 15,further comprising: adding an identity of a dispatched first responderto said ALI data web page.
 34. The method of providing automaticlocation identification (ALI) information directly to first respondersaccording to claim 15, wherein: said ALI data web page is maintained fora period of time after said emergency communication is completed.